Procurement can be defined as “ the business management function that ensures identification, sourcing, access and management of the external resources that an organisation needs or may need to fulfil its strategic objectives "blogger.comative terms such as sourcing, purchasing or buying Dissertation Procurement Strategy. these college students well and this is exactly where our popular service excels. It is Dissertation Procurement Strategy a well-known fact that students are overwhelmed with unbearable amount of difficult college tasks with unreasonable deadlines. It concerns high school all the way to postgraduate education Dec 11, · Procurement is the acquisition of goods, works and services. The process covers a whole cycle from the identification of needs through the supply of the product and to the end of the service contact and even the end of the useful life of the asset procured. This chapter explains the background of this research work, the problem discussion and
Procurement, Strategic Purchasing and Supply Chain Management | Free Essay Example
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Need an account? Click here to sign up, dissertation procurement strategy. Download Free PDF. Strategic Procurement Management Lecture Notes By Bagaya Ramathan. BAGAYA RAMATHAN. Download PDF Download Full PDF Package This paper. A short summary of this paper. PSCM MUK Faculty of Management Studies Islamic University in Uganda-Kampala Campus Strategic procurement management is the process of planning, implementing, evaluating, and controlling strategic and operating purchasing decisions for directing all activities of the purchasing function toward opportunities consistent with the firm's capabilities to achieve its long-term goals, dissertation procurement strategy.
Dissertation procurement strategy procurement is a methodology used in many organizations to realize the greatest amount of benefit to the company while still effectively managing the costs associated with the acquisition of raw materials and operational components.
As opposed to tactical purchasing, which tends to see the purchasing process as somewhat distanced from other functions within the corporate structure, strategic purchasing attempts to promote the most efficient use of all materials throughout the company.
The goal of strategic purchasing is to increase the bottom line of the company through the most judicious use of purchasing approaches and strategies. One of the ways that strategic procurement takes place is through the analyzing how money is spent for purchases currently. The idea is to determine if there is any way to enhance the purchasing process through adjusting the guidelines associated with requisitioning materials or placing orders with suppliers.
Often, this type of spend analysis will reveal one or two small ways to make the process more efficient and possibly save the company time and money. Strategic procurement management also involves building rapport between purchasers and suppliers. Working together, it may be possible to streamline the advance time needed to process an order with the supplier, thus reducing the need to maintain a larger inventory.
Depending on the volume of business done by the dissertation procurement strategy with the supplier, it may also be possible to find ways to expedite delivery as well, dissertation procurement strategy.
The use of strategic planning also means automating as much of the planning process as possible. Tasks that are routine can often be set up for completion by software or other automatic means. This frees purchasing agents to focus on other aspects of the purchasing process and thus increase the chances of using available resources with more efficiency.
In the end, strategic purchasing is all about redefining buying habits, processes, and behaviors so that the company enjoys the most benefit. From this perspective, strategic procurement management is not an event, but an ongoing process that involves the interaction of purchasing professionals with suppliers, dissertation procurement strategy, and the management arm of the organization.
It is seen as one of the critical function of an organization with the potential to; save cost, improve operational efficiency, access to trusted suppliers, and improve in quality of product or service, sharing of best practices among others Magnus, B. The representation of the strategic procurement can be described in terms of its environment and structure, and what activities take place in the supply link.
General performance indicators of the supply link in terms of time, quality, flexibility and cost are used to measure efficiency and effectiveness. Dissertation procurement strategy efficiency in the supply link explains dissertation procurement strategy well the resources are utilized. The effectiveness of the supply link explains how well the objectives are achieved Arun, K.
and Linet, O. Tactical Procurement Management Tactical procurement is typically a subset of activities and processes within the strategic procurement management approach. It focuses on operational purchasing requirements based on information from a limited environmental scan Lysons and Farrington, Tactical procurement management relates to the management of procurement activities such as drafting specification of goods, works and services ; selecting and contracting of suppliers Obanda, It is majorly constituted of pre-procurement and actual procurement activities.
The pre-procurement or pre-bidding activities are those activities performed by organizations in preparation for a given procurement. These include, needs dissertation procurement strategy, procurement planning, drafting solicitation documents, budgeting; confirmation of funds, dissertation procurement strategy, determining procurement method and conducting market research, among others While actual procurement relates to those activities involving the actual contracting of a bidder.
They include; conducting preliminary evaluations, financial evaluations, technical evaluation, negotiations, award of contract and debriefing unsuccessful bidders.
In Uganda, the tactical procurement function is clearly documented under the PPDA Act in order for each and dissertation procurement strategy public entity to follow as a mechanism of promoting compliance and effective service provision. According to KPMG International and Hunja procurement in most public sectors organizations is largely tactical in nature, whereby the focus is normally on supplier selection and contract award New Zealand Government, dissertation procurement strategy If the tactical dissertation procurement strategy process is poorly managed for example, there is a high possibility of having poor services delivered and the reverse is true.
In Ugandan public procurement, the tactical procurement level is usually given high considerable attention and involvement of key stakeholders or actors as early as possible in order to ensure joint planning and implementation of required tasks. This helps minimize risks of delay, and procurement of substandard items thus effective service delivery management.
Strategic procurement management involves countering the negative effect that bar procurement operations from achieving efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery management. Such interventions majorly take a dissertation procurement strategy of; collaborative business management, dissertation procurement strategy, supplier development and market analysis Online forecasting in order to promote visibility and accuracy in supply chain management, hence effective service delivery and organization performance Pay Stream Advisors, In the private sector, because of the high desire to obtain competitiveness, strategic procurement is more rigorous in nature than the public sector.
For this matter, a combination of approaches or strategies have been devised, which include, supplier development approaches, dissertation procurement strategy, and collaborative business but also incorporating of modern business management practices such as e- Procurement. This has increased efficiency in the operations of many firms leading to improved service delivery management.
ii Supplier Relationship Management: procurement officers measure supplier performance and regularly spend time meeting with their most important suppliers to implement improvements. iii Technology Implementation: procurement officers frequently update and add technologies that measurably reduce costs, decrease cycle time, dissertation procurement strategy, and make the purchasing process more efficient.
iv Developing Project Plans: procurement officers use project management practices to map out both recurring activities and one-time projects. v Enterprise-wide Contracts: procurement officers consolidate spends across all parts of their organizations and enter into contracts with a limited supply base to serve the needs of the entire organization.
vi Forecasting: procurement officers regularly dissertation procurement strategy changes that they foresee in price levels, availability, and markets to ensure a competitive advantage for their organizations. viii Development of Productivity Tools: procurement officers develop tools e. ix Supplier Development: procurement officers don't blindly accept the suppliers and products that are currently available.
They work with suppliers to develop new capabilities or products that will improve cost or quality. x Work Responsibility Refinement: procurement officers constantly identify ways to automate, delegate, or eliminate tactical, non-value-added work. Procurement is therefore central to achieving efficiency in dissertation procurement strategy expenditure and service delivery.
It is therefore imperative for procurement officers to adopt strategic procurement management tools in order to achieve the strategic outcomes accountability of the government to public. This dissertation procurement strategy is the key foundation for other strategic procurement decisions such as category management, and supplier relationship management.
It forms an important part of resource mapping and planning as it allows PDEs and their funding partners to identify where financial resources are being allocated currently, and commitments in the future. Spend analysis will be particularly useful if carried out regularly and the information is kept up-to-date at a management level. It provides management with information on opportunities for improving value for money and potential quick wins. It is also a building block for forecasting need and spend ii Collaborative procurement; PDEs should seek opportunities to collaborate on procurement activities at the widest possible level, internally and externally, sub-regionally, regionally or even nationally.
Collaboration in this sense means working together to procure similar requirements for multiple user departments or PDEs at the same time.
iii Procurement strategy and plan; under this PDEs should have a corporate procurement strategy and plan produced by the Procurement Disposal Unit PDU. This should take account of the procurement activities across the organisation and should be linked to work within needs of the user departments.
The targets should drive continuous improvement. iv Category Management; Category Management dissertation procurement strategy a process of identifying categories of goods or services and managing these as business units so that value for money is maximised. It comprises a wide number of tools and techniques.
This should be carried out at a strategic level and should be repeated regularly to take account of changing priorities, demand and markets. Categorisation will also be impacted by, for example, opportunities dissertation procurement strategy collaborating with other PDEs, dissertation procurement strategy, future business requirements, market forces and the resources available.
Once the categorisation has been agreed, a wide range of tools exist dissertation procurement strategy identify and deliver the best strategy for dealing with a particular category, dissertation procurement strategy.
The level of resource applied will be in line with the possible benefits that can be achieved. Challenging and managing procurement activities in this way will ensure that resources are focused where they will achieve the greatest value for money. v Supplier Relationship Management SRM ; Supplier Relationship Management is an important element of Category Management but is worth highlighting in its own right. SRM allows procurement officers to develop strategies for dealing with suppliers to achieve on-going value for money, and reduce the risk of poor performance or non-delivery or non- availability.
It allows the organisation to focus effort on the right suppliers and ensures they are not being managed by their supplier. It is an important element of Category Management and Supplier Relationship Management.
It should largely be undertaken as a one-off activity once the priority categories have been identified using Category Management. vii Competition; competition is the process of inviting more than one potential provider to put forward a proposal and then evaluating the proposals in a fair and equitable manner, dissertation procurement strategy.
It is the opposite of single tender action where only one proposal is considered. Single tender actions should be kept to a minimum, and are usually only used for very low value procurements, dissertation procurement strategy.
Competition provides buyers with comparative quality and cost information which allows them to make value for money decisions, and incentivises providers to put forward a more attractive proposal than if they knew that they alone were being considered.
A threat to the effectiveness of competition as a tool is the possible collusion of providers. Inviting a wider number to put forward proposals, encouraging innovative proposals and checking for any unusual trends in pricing should reduce the risk of collusion.
viii E-Procurement; Electronic procurement is increasingly being used to streamline the procurement process. Procurement officers should therefore consider how their organisation might benefit. Developments include: Systems to manage the process for receiving and evaluating quotations and tenders e- tendering Systems to assist with the management of contracts The use of e-Auctions to identify the best price offered by suppliers1 Online e-Marketplaces which allow buyers and sellers to interface and do business — an example is dissertation procurement strategy OPEN marketplace for use by schools.
ix Standard Terms and Conditions of Contract; Most PDEs have developed standard Terms and Conditions of Contract for Goods, and for Services, which should be attached to invitations to tender.
Standard Terms and Conditions of Contract greatly reduce the risk of procurement officers omitting important, core conditions, such as Intellectual Property Rights, Default, Termination, Liquidated Damages, from the final contract x Framework agreements; framework agreements are pre-tendered arrangements with a provider, dissertation procurement strategy, or providers, by which they must deliver goods and services as and when required over a specified period.
They are a very useful tool for aggregating demand and achieving economies of scale where there is a repeat requirement for a good or service, particularly where these are high value and would be above the PPDA threshold. The list would set out potential suppliers suitable for inclusion in the competitive process. To ensure equality, a system for choosing which suppliers to compete for requirements as they arise should be set out.
Also to ensure equality the organisation should not close the list to new suppliers who meet the criteria, dissertation procurement strategy. Criteria for removing suppliers from the list should also be open and transparent.
xii Sustainable procurement; this is a process whereby PDEs meet their need for goods, services, works and utilities in a way that achieves value for money on a whole life basis in terms of generating benefits not only to the organisation but also to society and the economy while minimising damage to the environment.
COM101 - Topics, Informative Strategies and Organization Part 2 (Belk)
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Jul 23, · Guevara Ortega, L. M. et al. () ‘Green procurement model using petri nets: a perspective developed from the models applied to the supply chain’, in Florez-Escobar, W.F. et al. (eds.) Energy and Sustainability blogger.commpton: WIT Press, pp. – This Procurement Strategy has been prepared to set out the direction of the University’s procurement activities following the publication of the Strategic Plan Procurement can be defined as “ the business management function that ensures identification Strategic Procurement Practices Strategic procurement is the process of creating alignment and consistency of action that establishes the long range objectives and overall strategy or course of action by which procurement function fulfills its mission. It therefore entails the transformation of an
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